SYNCHRO -SETTE
THE SUBS CRIPTION MAGAZINE FOR YOUR MICRO COMPUTER
TIMEX - SINCLAIR
EDITOR RAMBUNGS 2
TRY THIS - 2068 graphics 3
THE COMPUTER TUTOR - data separation .... 4
CHRISTMAS SPECIALS - programs 6
PIXIE - 2068 software review 12
PEEKER - utility programs 15
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 15
SYCHRO • SETTE IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY : THE S S I COMPANY
111 W. LAKE IT. APPISON ILL. 60101 (111) 42S-19S >
Editor Ramblings
S
this holiday season and best of luck
in the caning New Year*
SCI0SCE DIGEST, SCIENCE 83,
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, TEEN AGE,
FORBES, FORTUNE, GO and at least 20
other publications and gift
catalogs. Look for an 8 page booklet
in sane of the larger magazines
including OMNI & DISCOVER*
Sinclair owes the success of
marketing the ZX-80 and ZX-81
strictly to iragazine advertising*
They sold 60 to 80 thousand
canputers per month entirely through
mail-order* Timex, of course, sells
their canputers across the com ter
through U.S. outlets .
TS-2OG0S NOW AVAILABLE
TIMEX OCMKTIER
marketing POLICY
Gone are the days of television
advertising, at least for the
preset - so goes the thinking of
the Timex hierarchy ,
They feel that "Most consumer
impressions cn television are wasted
on the 80% of the households not
ready for computers. Timex will
focus on where the business is right
now - the educated professional
households who are ready to buy
canputers in the next 3 to 6
months"*
Timex plans to advertise in
computer interest science/technology
magazines where they feel the
readers are computer ready and feel
these people are the "opinion
leaders who set the trends for this
market".
In a 3 month period, they feel
they will be reaching 70% of all
adults approximately 3*6 times for a
total of 40*2 impressions per adult
through a total circulation of 13,2
million magazines. Also, millions of
teenagers will be reached in both
general and teen-oriented
publications *
Publications running the ads will
be DISCOVER, OMNI, ROLLING STONE,
As we mentioned in last month's
issue, the 2068's began appearing in
small quantities at selected stores ,
We have reports that Sears and other
stores are now selling them across
the counter.
This is not the case for the
TS-X500 which you may never see*
The original production batch is
probably all sold out and we've
heard rumors that Timex doesn 't plan
to produce any more.
TS-1000 FADE-OUT
We are getting sane new
subscribers that have purchased
TS-lOOGs at almost give-away prices,
as stores liquidate their
inventories for the holidays, ■ 1000
software is also being sold at
discount. One hardware store (yes, a
hardware store) in our area is
selling Timex software packages, any
2 for $5*00* A large software house
that deals with national chain
stores, is getting back as many as
40,000 TS-1000 software packages per
month.
This, of course, is due to a
combination of the availability of
the TS-2068 caning over 4 months
later than originally projected and
the absence of advertising of Timex
products during the interim period.
C2)
During that time, the market
virtually collapsed .
KOPAK PAPER
A representative from Kcpak
called and said they have a large
stock of printer paper for any kind
of caiputer printer including the
TS-2040 and the new Timex 80 colum
thermal printer when available.
See Kcpak 's ad in this issue.
TS-2068 HINTS
In case you don 't see it in the
manual, RAMTOP can be set on the
2068 without PCKEing memory. You
simply use the CLEAR command. Let us
say that you wanted to set RAMTOP to
50000. Just enter CLEAR 50000.
Then entering PRINT PEEK 23730 +
256 * PEEK 23731 will verify the new
value by displaying "50000" cn the
screen.
Also, VERIFY and MERGE do not
need a name after them to perform
their functions although they will
work either way. To get a program to
self -run, the last 2 lines might
be:
9998 SAVE "program name" LINE 10
9999 VERIFY ""
Entering "GOTO 9998" will put the
program into the SAVE mode and when
the screen clears, it will
automatically be in the VERIFY mode.
Simply back the tape and press
play on the recorder and the program
will be verified. VERIFY "" will
verify the first program encountered
and MERGE "" will merge the first
program encountered with any program
in memory.
TRY THIS
Enter these lines into either
computer:
10 LEI A$ * "(25.7/37.8 ♦ 82 *
!075?) ** .73"
20 PRINT VAL A$
This format, using the VAL
function, simulates the DEFN
function found on most computers,
but not the 1000 series.
The Old Professor is going to
give a lecture in next month's
tutorial cn how you can define some
complicated formulae to be used in a
program with different variables,
over and over again.
Try this on your TS-2068 with a
color TV or monitor! It will run for
hours.
20 p OR n =16384. TO 2252 r
30 POKE n , a
40 NEXT n
50 CLS
60 NEXT a
A "Santa Claus School" was opened in 1937 in Albion,
NY to train men to play tha part of Santa Claus. Six
students enrolled for the one week course.
The Santa Claus wa know today was first drawn in 1863
by cartoonist Thomas Nast.
( 3 )
The Computer Tuto
STORING AND MERGING DATA
SEPARATE FROM TOE PROGRAM
PART 2
Good morning. Class! How are you?
Mow! Pan I stuffed! Did anyone bring
sane Alka Seltzer?
Today's lesson is a continuance
of the data storing techniques
discussed in the last session. If
you recall, we were shown hew we
could dedicate an area of the
computer's manory that would be
unaffected by any keyboard command
other than changing the location of
that dedicated area with a similar
ocntnand. The first memory location
that can have data entered into it
without being affected by future
keyboard commands is called RAMTOP.
For a IK ZX-81, it is decimal
location 17408. For a 2C TS-1QG0, it
is 18432. For a 16K computer, it is
32768.
By the way, did you know that the
1 6 2K computers actually have less
than those amounts of memory for
your programs and variables in
available RAM? ¥our program starts
at location 16509* If you subtract
this number fran IK RAMTOP, you get
only 899 bytes available to you or
less than IK of program space. The
2K machine actually has 1923 bytes
available. The available RAM
actually starts at location 16384
but fran this location to 16508 are
located the systm variables that
keep changing according to the
program in ram.
Almost all mnufacturers include
this and other areas of normally
unavailable memory in their
advertising as part of the RAM. Ihe
user may find this misleading. The
TS-2068 which is touted as a 72K
machine only has 38K of user RAM
available. The Canmodore 64 which is
touted as a 64K RJW machine, also
has 38K of normally available user
RAM.
Well, anyway - let us say that we
have a program that creates and
stores data for customers on a
monthly basis. Let us say that after
a year, we have 12 separate files,
one for each month.
So far, so good - but we knew
that when we store this data, it is
done simply by saving the program cn
tape and when the program is
reloaded back into the computer, it
is executed with a GOTO statonent.
This keeps the variables intact ,
wheret^cn RUN would destroy them.
We now run into a problon! We
cannot MERGE these monthly data
files together - or can we?
Consider the following hypotbesus
- let us say that we set RAMTOP at
20000. Let us load in one of the
monthly files, for instance January.
Let us now write a routine into the
program that will PCKE January's
data into memory , 10 memory
locations above RAMTOP and beyond.
After the last byte of information
is poked into the last memory
location, let us have our routine
take the address of the last memory
location used for the data and PCKE
that information in memory locations
20000 to 20004.
Let us consider what we have so
farl We have data that is stored,
starting with memory location 20010
and ending with a memory location
determined by the data held in
memory locations 20000 to 20004. If
we type in HEW or load another
program, this data is still going to
be at those memory locations.
Let us say that we new load in
the February file. Only the February
data is held in the variables area
still above RAMTOP. We. can merge the
two month's data two different ways.
We can write a routine that would
PEEK those memory areas above RAMTOP
and convert the data in than into
new var iables or we can take
February's data and POKE that into
memory starting with the first
memory location available after the
end of January's data. Again, this
memory location would be determined
by the data in memory locations
20000 to 20004. We then take that
figure and add one to it and we have
the starting point for our February
data.
After February's data is POKEd
into memory , our routine new
determines the last memory location
used and again POKES that data into
the manory locations fran 20000 to
20004.
We now have both January and
February in memory above RAMTOP. We
can do this indefinitely or as leng
as manory holds out, until we have
all the month's data stored in
memory above RAMTOP. When this is
done, all that remains is to pull it
back into a program and utilize it
as necessary, such a sorting it.
Here is a program that allows
multiple files to be merged:
)
5 FAST
10 REM 16K RAMTOP NORMALLY AT
32763 - LINES 20 AND
30 SET RAMTOP AT 20000
20 POKE 16333 , 32
30 POKE 16389 , 73
40 PRINT ‘RAMTOP IS NOU , PEEK
16333 4256 +PEEK 16389
50 PAUSE 40000
60 CLS
70 DIM AS (100,5)
75 LET R1=RND*10+10
30 FOR N = 1 TO R 1
90 FOP 1=1 TO 5
100 LET A $ ( N , I « =CHR $ (33+RND+25
110 NEXT I
120 PRINT N,A$ iN)
130 NEXT N
140 PAUSE 40000
150 IF INKEYS =2" THEN GC5UB 10
00
160 LET BS=CMRS PEEK 20000+CHR*
PEEK 20001+CHRS PEEK 20002+CHR*
PEEK 20003+CHRS PEEK £0004
170 IF B S * " *’ THEN LET BS = "
20009'
130 LET B=UAL ES + 1
190 LET A=1
200 FOR N = 1 TO R1
210 FOR 1=1 TO 5
220 POKE B , CODE A$(N,I)
230 LET 5=6+1
240 NEXT I
250 POKE 6,111
260 LET 6=5+1
270 NEXT N
280 LET BS=STRS (B-D
290 FOR 1=1 TO 5
300 POKE 19999+1 , CODE BS'I)
310 NEXT I
‘20 PAUSE 40000
330 IF INKEYS* R** THEN GOTO 500
440 CLEAR
450 CLS
470 RUN
500 CLEAR
510 DIM AS ( 100 > 5)
^20 LET B S =CHP S PEEK 20000+CHRS
PEEK 20001+CMRS PEEK 20002+CHRS
PEEK 20003+CHRS PEEK 20004
530 LET B =20010
540 LET 1=1
550 LET N = 1
560 SLOU _ —
570 IF PEEK B=lll THEN GOTO 700
580 LET A*<N.I)«CHR* PEEK B
if! then stop
620 GOTO 570
■’00 LET N =N + 1
720 LET 1=1
730 LET 6 =B + 1
“40 SCROLL
750 PRINT N-l , AS (N-l)
^60 GOTO 570
1000 FOR N = 1 TO R1
1010 LPRINT N,AS<N)
1020 NEXT N
1030 RETURN
Lines 20 to 40 are the RAMTOP
routine. When the program is run,
RAMTOP will be displayed. Press
ENTER. A random anoint (between 10
and 20) 5 character strings with
randan characters will be generated
and displayed cn the screen. Press
ENTER when they are displayed . If
you press "Z" instead, these strings
will be printed out.
The strings will aga in be
displayed and you can press ENTER to
generate another randan amount of
strings after RAMTOP is again
displayed . After generating 2 or
more sets of strings , press the "R"
key after the second display and all
the strings will scroll cn the
screen.
What is happening is that each
set is being PCKEd into memory
(lines 190 to 270) and the end
memory location is being poked into
memory (280 to 310). Each time the
cycle repeats, the data is destroyed
in the variables memory by lines 440
to 470.
(5)
CONTINUED CN PAGE 9
TS-2068 VERSION
HR ISVHOS
mams
HAPPY HOLIDAYS
2 PROGRAMS
Here are two programs that give a
moving graphics representation of
the holiday spirit. The first
version is for the 1000 series of
computers and the second is for
the TS-2068.
In the 2068 version, the graphics
characters are entered in the
following manner - press SHIFT "9"
to get into the graphics mode
(remember to press SHIFT "9" again
to exit fran the mode when not being
used). Then press the following keys
to get the proper graphic's
character:
Santa's sleigh in the variable
"a$" in line #1000 is represented by
the "b" key. The reindeer in the
same variable are represented by the
"e" key and the connecting lines by
the "c" key.
Santa's sleigh in the variable
"b$" in line #1000 is represented by
the "d" key. The reindeer in the
same variable are represented by the
"a" key and the connecting lines by
the "c" key.
The trees in line #2010 are
represented by the "f" key.
With a relatively small amount of
programming lines, the 2068 version
represents quite a sophisticated
display .
.ET = K = 0
-ET = s0 DIH c $ I 3
10
POKE
USP
€
20
POKE
w‘ 3P
£
30
POKE
USP
' t "
4.0
POKE
. : =
” € "
50
POKE
USP
'€ "
60
POKE
USP
t
70
POKE
USP
"C '
80
POKE
USP
“e "
100
POKE
USP
" 3
120
POKE
USP
3
130
POKE
USP
a *
140
PJDKE
USP
a “
150
POKE
U5R
a"
160
POKE
USP
a '*
130
POKE
USP
M i"
200
POKE
USP
b
210
POKE
USR
"to"
220
POKE
U5R
"b"
230
POKE
USP
"to"
240
POKE
USP
"0"
250
POKE
USR
"b"
270
POKE
USR
"b”
230
POKE
USR
‘ b"
300
POKE
USR
.. c ..
310
POKE
USP
"C"
320
POKE
USP
" c "
330
POKE
USP
"c"
340
POKE
USP
" c "
350
POKE
USR
" c "
360
POKE
USP
c
370
POKE
USP
• C *■
400
POKE
USR
"d"
410
POKE
USP
“ d “
420
POKE
USP
" d " '
430
POKE
USP
" d “
440
POKE
USP
"d"'
450
POKE
USP
"d" 1
460
POKE
USR
"d"«
470
POKE
USP
"d " ■
500
POKE
USP
"f"
510
POKE
USP
" f “■
520
POKE
USR
" f "«
530
POKE
USP
“ f "•
540
POKE
USP
" C-
550
POKE
USR
"f*
560
POKE
USP
•• r<
570
POKE
USP
" f
1000
LET 3 S =
♦3. BIN 10000110
♦4. BIN 1111111 1
♦5 . 6 IN 01111110
♦6, BIN 0101O101
♦7 , B IN 01010101
■BIN 10100000
♦1,EIN 01000000
♦2, BIN 010000O0
♦3, BIN 011O0001
♦7 , B IN 10101010
.BIN 10100000
♦1,BIN 10110001
♦ 2 .BIN 10110001
♦ 2. BIN 00O00000
♦7 , E IN 01111111
LET b§=
1100 PAPER 0 BORDER 7: INK 7 C
L5
2000 FOP nsl TO 250 PRINT AT IN
’ ( 22 *RND ) , I NT (32*RNDj ‘ . NEX
x n
2010 INK 4 FOP n=l TO 50 PRINT
°T INT (RND*10 ' +3 . INT (RND*21^.
♦ NEXT n PRINT AT g . 25 * A
T 13 ,27, ‘ *
3000 INK 7 PLOT 0.10 DRAU 255
10 PLOT 0.20 DRAU 255,10
3010
PLOT
193 , 35
DRAU
30,0 DP A
U 0,
15 DRAU -15
10: DRAU -15,-1
0 DRAU O ,
-15
3020
DRAU
-20 30
DRAU
0,15 DPA
U 20
. -30
3030
PLOT
173 , 30
DRAU
15,10 DP
AU 20 -30
3040
PLOT
132 90
DRAU
15,-10 D
PAU i
20 -30
3050
PLOT
134 35
DRAU
0,3 DRAU
r O
DRAU
0 -5
3060
PLOT
130 . 34
DRAU
0 . 13 DPA
U 5
-6
( 6 )
Local Stores Offer Delightful Gift Ideas
Famed showman Billy
Rose once said that if he
had only $2 with which to
buy his wife a present, he
wouldn’t try to buy some-
thing that looked like it was
worth $4 or $5— he’d blow
the whole $2 on the best
bar of soap he could find. . .a
bar of soap that would
make his wife feel like a
queen when she took a
bath. To this day, it’s possi-
ble to get top quality gifts
in whatever price range.
Here, to help you get a head
start on holiday shopping,
are some hints from the
handy Christmas Shopper
section appearing in the De-
cember issue of Reader’s
Digest:
• Strip and julienne
fruits and vegetables the
easy way with the Dazey
Stripper™. Also from Dazey
are Chef’s Pots™ —cooker,
fryer, steamer— and the
Dazey Foot Saver ™ Plus for
a warm, wet massage.
• The ultimate in garage
door opener systems is af-
fordably priced this year—
the All New Genie® TRAC
DRIVE. It operates smooth-
ly in any weather
• The gift that’s al-
ways sharp— the Wilkinson
Sword® Self-Sharpening
Knives.
• An impressive gift
choice for an Olympic fan is
a Pentel Pen and Pencil Set.
Pen tel is the Official Li-
censed Pen and Pencil of the
1984 Olympics.
• To homemakers, an ex-
tremely helpful gift is Black
& Decker’s Dustbuster™, a
powerful cordless vacuum.
• For the traveling teens
in your life, American Tour-
ister® luggage offers New
Gorilla Bags. They’re rugged
duffels with plenty of room
— for camping, skiing trips
or spring breaks.
• Sweet memories of
the holiday season can last
through the year if you
leave a Whitman’s® Sampler
under the tree. It’s long
been America’s most pop-
ular gift box of quality
chocolates.
• Stamp collectors are
sure to welcome philatelic
products from the U.S.
Postal Service. There are
kits on Outer Space, Sports
and Science for the chil-
dren. For the serious col-
lector, there’s the 1983
Commemorative Mint Set
and Postal Service Guide to
U.S. Stamps.
• In the spirit of the
holiday season is a beauti-
fully gift-packaged bottle of
Amaretto di Saronno Orig-
inale 1525.
• For the first time you
can see how your food
looks as it cooks without
even lifting a lid, thanks to
New Visions® Top-of-Range
Cookware from Corning.
Microwave compatible, this
see-through cookware can
go directly from freezer to
range top.
• Few pens write as
smoothly as a Parker Ar-
row, Classic or Jotter, and
few look as timelessly beau-
tiful. Maybe you’ll get a
beautifully written letter of
thanks.
• Holiday coiffeurs get
star treatment with Clairol
Custom CareSetters. Velvet
smooth surfaces cover every
roller to gently cushion hair.
• Capture those Christ-
mas memories forever with
the new Kodak Disc Camera.
Just push the button and it
reads the light, flashes if
necessary, advances the film
and flashes again in just one
and a third seconds.
For stubborn refrigerator odors, place a coffee can filled with charcoal on a refrigerator
shelf for several days. Repeat with fresh charcoal until odor is gone.
The average lead pencil will draw a line 35 miles long or write 50,000 words.
( 7 )
Of Education
Model Rocketry -The Space Age Teaching Aid
A hobby that's soaring
to new heights of popular! ■
ly these days, more than
one m ill ion Americans agree,
it model rocketry, What’s
more, model rocketry is also
proving to be an amazingly
effective space age teaching
aid Tli ou sands of teachers
make model rocketry a part
of their curricula each year.
Model rockets are min-
iature flying counterparts
of full-size rockets. Con-
structed primarily of Ntfit Modei reentry it blasting
weight balsa wood and pa- j oto thfl curricula at marly
per tubing and powered by ^hook* these days,
safe, pre-manu factored, sol- ' — ‘
id propellant engines, they per hour,
demonstrate and use the From simple beginner's
same principles that govern kiu that are easy to build
the rockets at Cape Ken and fly, the company's mod’
nedy After returning to el rockets range all the way
earth by parachute or other from accurate scale models
recovery system, they need of the rocket* that paved
only a new rocket engine the way for space explora-
with igniter to be ready for tion— Saturn V, Mertury-
another thrilling flight. Redstone and the Space
Numerous concept* in Shuttle Columbia— to high-
science and math become ly imaginative ones that
"lear' through model rock- could be the forerunners of
etry. Actual models of his- apace vehicles of tomorrow,
tone military rockets or such as Stealth and Starship
space research vehicle* or Nova, inspired by atomic
up-coming spacecraft help propulsion research,
create interest in social Now through December
studies. 31, 1983, Estes Industries
The growth of model will provide a special re-
rocketry was given a major demption coupon for a free
launching by the develop- Estes Mini- Space Shuttle
ment of the first solid pro- Rocket Kit, with a retail
pel I ant engine jn 1938 by purchase of 115 or more in
Bates Industrie*, today the merchandise It 1 * redeem*
world 't largest maker of ble direct from Estea Indus-
model rocketa. Today ’■ mod trie* with prool-of- purchase
el rockets soar to thousands receipt and kit name cut
of feet at speed* which may out from front of product
be in excess of 40D mile* panel or boa
IT 'S A TACT!
foods to do the work
cooking, special cooking
utensils are needed.
Those available today
made with Udel polysul-
fone are ideal for the job,
according to Rita Marie
Schneider, home eco-
nomics consultant for
Union Carbide Corpora-
tion. Udel p * transparency
to microwaves helps en-
sure more even cooking.
The microwaves that
cook food aren't too
much different from the
energy waves produced
by a base drum. The
drum * energy waves are
long sound waves
, . . those from a micro-
wave are short Micro-
wave* cook by
the molecules in
to vibrate, creating fric-
tion which produce*
square! Think round
when it cornea to micro
wave cooking. Your most
efficient choice is ■ tube
pan. r it allow* the ener-
gy to penetrate the food
from all direction*,
The blue whale can go up to halt ■ year without eating-
if’s maintained by its blubber.
If you enjoy making your own Christmas decorations,
why not make a wreath trimmed with lollipops? It's col-
orful and youngsters lof all ages) will thank you for this
sweet holiday treat.
The Grand Canal in China is twenty time* as long as the Panama Canal - yet it was built
over 1300 years ago, without modern equipment.
( 8 )
t TUTOR CENT.)
When "R" is entered, the routine
from line 500 to 760 again clears
irarory and pEEXs above RflMTOP to
fetch the vital data and displays it
to the screen in one merged file*
Work with this program and try to
understand ho* the data is
transferred back and forth in
memory- It isn't that difficult to
incorporate these techniques into
your own prograns, even after the
data has been saved with the
program.
(PIXIE OCNT.)
powerful is its ability ■ to
"duplicate frames"- It has a word
processor format with a HELP menu
that can be entered and exited at
any time. Up to 10 "pixures" can be
drawn and instantly revised or
edited at any time* Have you ever
noticed how conic strip cartoons may
have pretty much the sane basic
outline with changes in only a few
areas such as partial movanent of
characters or different messages?
The cartoon on the cover of this
magazine was drawn with "PIXURE"-
A rule of thimb! Bring the data
file programs in one at a time and
never develop your routines to pull
the data back to areas under RfiMTOP
until all the data has been PCKEd
into manory above RAMTOP. This way
when you finally do pull it back, as
it fills up the variables memory
area, it may overlap and destroy the
data above R/MTOP. Since the bytes
are being transferred on a one to
one basis, it wcn't matter if the
data above RflMTQP is destroyed as it
is being overlapped since the
earlier data has already been
transferred to lower memory.
This way, you can have the most
n^nory-efficient transfer alleging a
maximum aroint of data to be
utilized ami the oily extra memory
needed is for cne mczith's file at a
time and the space needed for the
program routine- In other words, try
to keep nPMFOP as low as possible.
Of course, it is best to start
fron scratch with the programs
already having these routines in
them - Class dismissed!
Children in Northern Europe believe that ipecial elves in
white beards and red caps come visiting st the Yu fetid*
season. Children leave bowls of porridge outside the kit-
chen door for the elves and the porridge is always gone
by morning.
( 9 )
Here is a set of programs that
will keep you busy for quite sane
tine and give the user quite a bit
of insight into hew the canputer
uses Os and Is to store information.
It also has a practical aspect in
that it has value for creating
custom drawings or logo to be used
for printed material.
PIXIE is priced at 24.95 (25%
discount to subscribers) and is
available NOU
Den ’t
to get
graphics
miss this cne if you want
into high resolution
Great Ideas For Holiday Stocking Stuff ers
Slumped when It comes
o suitable stocking staffers
or your favorite friend* and
amilv members tbi* holiday
eason? Here are some ideas
hat may help.
Stocking staffer* can be
ne* pensive, yet innovative.
?ot the children, hand
nade mittens, doll* or imall
ituffed animal* make special
lift*. If you have a budding
irtist in the family, slip
[ome crayon* or felt- tipped
narking pens into the stock
ng, A popular choice with
jookwurm* i* small-size pic-
ture books or paperbacks on
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If there’s a young couple
fust setting up housekeeping
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items you can stuff a stock-
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iature tool kit*, potholders,
trivet* and other decorative
items.
Scented soaps, colognes
and perfumes are always
welcomed on Christmas
morning. And who says
stocking ituffei* have to
cost less than other gifts?
Imagine the delight on the
face of a young lady a* she
shakes out the stocking and
a diamond necklace, ear-
ring* or a watch spills into
her lap !
Delicious, small serving
sizes of gourmet treats
also make unique stocking
stuffers ^special cheese*,
meats, p as tries, cookies —
all beautifully wrapped and
ready for Yuletide pal-
ates, Among the scrumptious
snacks you might choose to
stuff a stocking with are
granola snacks from Nature
Valley, available in a variety
of flavor* from chocolate
chip to peanut butter, rasp-
berry to apple. They are a
tasteful way to say "Have
a merry Christmas and a
happy New Year. ”
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DISCOUNT SOFTWARE, INC.
320 E. 59th St. NY, NY 10022
Tel: (212) 486-0980
3070 PLOT 130,102 DRAU 9,0 DPP
U 4,-6
3075 REM GO TO 3200
2090 FOR n=195 TO 221 FOR i =35
TO 49
3100 IF n ,210 AND n <216 AND i <44
AND i >37 THEN GO TO '3 120
3110 PLOT n , i
3120 NEXT i : NEXT ft
3130 LET 3*50 FOR n=196 TO 203
"OR i =50 TO a
3150 PLOT n ,i
3160 NEXT i LET a^4.7 NEXT ft
3170 LET a = 55. FOR n =203 TO 220 :
"OR i =d TO 49 STEP -1
■3160 PLOT n.i
3190 NEXT i LET a=a-.7 NEXT ft
3200 FOR } =1 TO 2 LET i =52 FDR
ft =194 TO 176 STEP -1
3210 PLOT n.i DRAU 12,10
3220 LET 1=141.5 NEXT ft
3230 LET i =59 =DR n =209 TO 139
STEP
3240 PLOT n , i DRAU 15 , -8
3250 LET i =i 41,5 NEXT ft
3260 NEXT j
3270 PLOT 192.33 LET a =38 FOP
n =192 TO 173 STEP -1 PLOT ft, a
DRAM 0 , 10 LET 3 =8+1.5 NEXT n
3300 FOR n *1 TO 6i
3310 PRINT AT 3,0; a* TO 32
3320 LET 3|=d$ (64) +a * ( TO 63)
3330 PAUSE 20 NEXT n
3335 GO SUB 4000
3340 FOR n *1 TO 64
3350 PRINT AT 6,0: b$ TO 32'*
3360 LET &*sb*t£ TO 64)+bi 1)
3370 PAUSE 10: NEXT ft
3380 GO SUB 4000
3999 GO TO 3300
4000 GO SUB 4005 GO SUB 4850- G
3 SUB 40O5. GO TO 5100
4005 GO SUB 5050 : PAUSE 20 GO 5
UB 5050- PAUSE 20
4010 BEEP .25,10 BEEP ,25,13: 5
EEP .27,6 BEEP ,25,6 BEER ,75,
10: PAUSE 30
4030 BEEP .25,11: BEEP .25 11: &
EEP .25,11 BEEP .1,11 BEEP ,i,
11 BEEP .25,11 BEEP .25,10 BE
1,10 BEEP .1,10 BEE
BEEP .25,3 BEE
5.8: BEEP ,5.13
EP .25,10
4040 BEEP
P .25,10
4045 RETURN
4O50 BEEP ,25,3
P .25,10 BEEP
405= RETURN
4=99 STOP
5050 FOR ft =1 TO
NEXT n : RETURN
5100 BEEP .25.13 BEEP
EEP .25 , S BEEP 1,6
5110 PAUSE 50 RETURN
BEEP ,25.10
.25, 11
T5-1Q0G VERSION
500 POKE
510 POKE
520 POKE
530 POKE
540 POKE
550 POKE
560 POKE
600 POKE
610 POKE
620 POKE
630 POKE
640 POKE
650 POKE
660 POKE
700 POKE
710 POKE
720 POKE
730 POKE
740 POKE
750 POKE
760 POKE
S00 PRINT
20 , 20 ,
X 4601 :
X 4 634 ,
X+635.
X+657 ,
X+700,
X 4733 t
X 4 568 ,
X 4604 ,
X+637 ,
X+638 ,
X+670,
X +703
X 4736 ,
X 457 1 ,
X 4607 ,
X + 640 ,
X+641 ,
X+673 ,
X + 706 ,
X + 739 , ;
X + 574,.
r £ i
610 PRINT AT 18,20; ' AT
17 , 81; ; AT 16 , ; at
15 , 23; "H
320 POKE X+90,151
830 RETURN
1000 G0SU6 500
1010 LET Y=INT iRND+721) +1
1020 IF Y/33 = INT (Y/33J THEN GOT
0 1010
1030 POKE X+Y j 155
1040 GOTO 1000
BONUS 1000 VERSION - enter first
line items in reverse order using
back arrow
1 REH Y|
Vrndtan
2 FAST
3 PAND USR 16514
4 POKE 16416,0
HNOT STAB SRNDITA6
20 LET 6 $ =A( + '
30“LET ? i =A $ 4 '
40 u£T : »=A»*
50 FOP N = 1 TO 20
50 LET X si NT (PND+20)
70 LET YaJNT (AND *30)
30 PRINT AT X, AT X+1,Y,
U .AT X+2.Y+1; m
90 NEXT N
100 PRINT AT 10,0, Bf£ TO 321; AT
11,0 ; C I i TO 32 I J AT 12,0; DS ( TO
32) .; AT 4 ■ S ■ "MERRY CH RISTMAS ' AT
““ -AT 4,6,
' ; AT 13,6: "HAPPY ME
10
LET XsPEEK 1639S +255 *PEEK 1
U YEAR’
53 97
110
LET
X = INT ( RND +44 )
20
FOR N = 1 TO 176
120
LET
Y = INT (RND*64)
30
PRINT BHi";
130
UNPLOT Y , X
40
NEXT N
200
LET
B $ =8$ ( 2
TO
LEN
B$> 46$ ! 1
50
FOP N =727 TO 791
)
60
IF N/33=XNT UN/ 33) THEN GOT
210
LET
C*=C $ (2
TO
LEN
C $ ; +C $ 1 1
0 80
70
POKE X+N , 123
220
LET
D* =D$ (2
TO
LEN
+ D$ 1
30
NEXT N
90
GOTO 1000
300
GOTO 100
Ul>
PIXIE EDITOR
INSERT pec £ E Fen
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Enttr teller coordinate?
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pixie
Pi c tu re
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P r o g r arm
PIXURE
PIXIE - A REVIEW OF
BOGS PACKAGE# T 2203-C
Very rarely do we do a review on
a really exiting new program. PIXIE
is to the TS-2068 what SPRITE
graphics are to the Canoodore 64* It
is a machine language graphic editor
written in BASIC.
With this program, you can easily
create and save en tape to 21
custon graphic characters {pixies)
and use these characters in any
BASIC program you desire*
It is a very simple program to
imderstand and use* The 2066 has an
area in RAW in which the ROM
introduces 21 pseudo-characters into
form A to tl* You can change these
characters into your own design by
poking different values into these
RAM locations* It is a very tedious
and time- consuoing job. The
" atUIii-SHCT" program des i gns cne
custon character and requires eight
program lines to do it*
PIXIE starts off by asking you
which character you want to replace.
Now this custom character is not
going to replace the normal upper or
loiter case character . If you were to
put the canputer into the '’graphics
mode" and then hold the CAPS SHIFT
key d^wn and press a letter from A
to Q, you would see the i^iper case
representation of that letter, Qxe
PIXIE changes it into your custom
designed character, repeating that
process will display your custan
character (look at the grid in the
upper- left hand corner of this page
and observe the blocked-out
coordinates - now look at the letter
{A) and the character to the right
of it - this is hew that character
(12)
will enter when in the graphics
mode) *
How does it work? A prarpt
appears asking you to press ENTER to
start* If you enter "standard" at
this point, the characters that will
be displayed will be the standard
upper case characters that already
are assigned to the user/defined
character area* If, instead, you
just press ENTER, you will see 21
eastern characters that were designed
for this program*
A prompt will then appear, asking
you which one you want to change.
You enter a lower case letter for
the this prompt* An 8 by B grid will
then appear cn the screen ( see
figure 1). This grid represents the
pixel coordinates of the pixie you
are cping to create or change * A
pause occurs as the program designs
the present pixels assigned to that
character* If a character has
already been designed, its pixel
coordinates will be represented in
the grid and you can edit than, if
you wish. A prompt appears at the
bottcm of the screen that asks which
column (up to down) designated by a
letter that you want a pixel to
appear in.
At this point, you have the
option of doing six things:
1 - Bitering a "z" will fill all the
pixels with black.
2 - Bitering a w zz" will fill all
the pixels with white *
3 - Entering a "Q" will "white out"
any pixel coordinates entered frcm
that point cn with "DELETE" flashing
in the upper left hand comer of the
screen .
4 - Bitering a "1“ will "black out"
any pixel coordinates entered frcm
that point cn with "INSERT" flashing
in the upper left hand comer of the
screen* This is the mode the program
starts with*
5 - Just pressing the RETURN key
will exit that mode and create the
character in memory and ask you if
you want to exit the program or
create or change a character*
6 - Bitering the actual letter of
the column you want the pixel to be
black or white, depending on which
mode you are in.
After the colum letter is
entered, a pranpt appears asking for
the number of the row in that column
you want the pixel to be blade or
white.
If a black pixel was entered, the
appropriate grid coordinate will
receive a black block* If a white
pixel was entered, the grid
coordinate will have the black block
removed, if it exists.
Each time a new character is
designed, it appears on the list cn
the screen. Print -out of the list is
provided for reference *
The program can clear itself, if
you like, and you can start frcm
scratch. Instructions are given on
how to use the characters directly
or with the CHR$ function in your
own programs and how to save than
with your programs.
After you have created the custcm
characters you want, you can write
or merge a new program with PIXIE*
You then just delete all the PIXIE
program lines except for two lines
that will be kept with your program.
One stores the pixel data in numeric
variables with your program when
it's saved on tape* The other PCKEs
the pixel in format ion into RAM after
your program is loaded so that your
custon characters are ready to be
used.
A second very powerful program
also comes on the tape called
"PIXURE", This program allows the
user to use the custon created
characters on the screen along with
other graphic, ^jper/lower case or
numeric characters* It is
theoretically possible to draw
anything to the screen and have it
printed out to the IS -20 40 printer.
(13)
What makes this program so
CONTINUED ON P/G& 9
- PROGRAMS TO BUWINE MEMORY
Attach this progrant to a progrant
you have and scan the program memory
area to see exactly how BASIC
interprets a listing. The program
lines are after the CODE for 0JTER
(11S on the 1000 and 13 on the
2068). Make sure you renumber it so
that it doesn 't interfere with
existing program lines.
IS- 1000 VBC5IGN
INPUT STARTING ADDR
10 SLOW
100 CLS
110 PRINT
ESS : "
120 INPUT SR
130 FAST
140 LET A*0
150 LET 3 *5 A
1S0 SCROLL _
PR ThtT 5; TAB 0 ; PEEK S; TAB 16
Here are two short programs that
allow you to examine the RCM and RAM
memory locations of the 1000 and
2000 series ccnputers. They start by
asking you for the STARTING ADDRESS
and then display the contents of
that memory location and the next 21
locatiois.
180 IF PEEK 5<67 OR PEEK 5>128
AND PEEK 5 < >195 THEN PRINT ChR $
PEEK S
190 LET A=A + 1
200 LET 5=5+1
210 IF A =22 THEN GOTO 300
220 GOTO 150
300 PAU5E 40000
310 CLS
320 LET A =0
‘ 330 GOTO 160
The left oolimn represents the
address in decimal , the middle
column represents the CODE number
residing in that address and the
right column represents the
character that the CEDE presents.
If the CEDE falls into an area that
(toes not define a character or
keyboard ccnmand or function, the
right column will receive a blank
space, otherwise the program might
bcnb.
The memory addresses start with
RGM routines, then RAM information
that is directed by REM, This is
followed by the program in manory.
Then canes the screen manory reap and
finally the variables.
TS-2060 VERSION
100 CLS
110 INPUT " INPUT STARTING AD DP
E55 ";3A
120 LET A=0: LET S=5A
130 PRINT 3 , TAB 5 ; PEEK. 5, TAB 16
140 IF PEEK S <33 THEN PRINT G
O TO 160
150 PRINT CHR| PEEK 5
160 LET A =A + 1 LET 5=5 + 1
170 GO TO 130
If you are scanning the screen or
variables area, you nay notice that
the CEDE character may not coincide
with the CEDE number. This is
because it has changed in the small
time that it took to write than onto
the screen.
( 14 )
The mott common name in th* world is Muhammad
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